The NF-κB transcription factor c-Rel is required for Th17 effector cell development in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

The NF-kB Transcription Factor c-Rel Is Required for Th17 Effector Cell Development in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

T cell receptor/CARMA1/NF-κB signaling controls T-helper (Th) 17 differentiation.

IL-17-producing CD4 T cells play a key role in immune responses against extracellular bacteria and autoimmunity. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is required for T-cell activation and selected effector functions, but its role in Th17 differentiation is controversial. Using genetic mouse models that impede T-cell-NF-κB signaling either downstream of the T-cell receptor (TCR) or of IκB kinase β (IKKβ), ...

The NF-κB regulator MALT1 determines the encephalitogenic potential of Th17 cells.

Effector functions of inflammatory IL-17-producing Th (Th17) cells have been linked to autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, what determines Th17 cell encephalitogenicity is still unresolved. Here, we show that after EAE induction, mice deficient for the NF-κB regulator MALT1 (Malt1-/- mice) exhibit strong...

Regulation of the IL-21 gene by the NF-κB transcription factor c-Rel.

IL-21 is a member of the common gamma-chain-dependent cytokine family and is a key modulator of lymphocyte development, proliferation, and differentiation. IL-21 is highly expressed in activated CD4(+) T cells and plays a critical role in the expansion and differentiation of the Th cell subsets, Th17 and follicular helper T (T(FH)) cells. Because of its potent activity in both myeloid and lymph...

A Key Role for NF-κB Transcription Factor c-Rel in T-Lymphocyte-Differentiation and Effector Functions

The transcription factors of the Rel/NF-κB family function as key regulators of innate and adoptive immunity. Tightly and temporally controlled activation of NF-κB-signalling pathways ensures prevention of harmful immune cell dysregulation, whereas a loss of control leads to pathological conditions such as severe inflammation, autoimmune disease, and inflammation-associated oncogenesis. Five fa...